Brad Neuberg (Google Gears) on “What’s the Open Web and Why It Matters” - Threads! Offline! Full-Text Search! Desktop Shortcuts! Mobile!

On April 14+15 the Open Web Vancouver 2008 conference will showcase open web technologies, communities and culture, and evangelize the Open Web to developers, designers, organizers and the community at large.

What’s the Open Web? We have invited Brad Neuberg (Google) - who will talk about ‘Google Gears: Teaching the Open Web New Tricks’ at the Open Web Vancouver 2008 conference - for some insight.

Gears is an open source plug-in that teaches current web browsers new tricks. Gears is a clever way to raise the bar cross-browser and cross-platform, today, running inside of Firefox and Internet Explorer on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. No more waiting years for features to show up across all browsers and platforms.

APIs include: A real embedded relational database (SQLite) for web sites! Client-side full text search! Threads for JavaScript! Offline! Secure and fast cross-domain mashups! Desktop Shortcuts! Better web APIs for mobile devices! and more!

Q: What’s the Open Web?

Brad Neuberg: The Open Web is not a laundry list of technologies, but rather a set of philosophies. These philosophies include:

• Decentralization - Rather than controlled by one entity or centralized, the web is decentralized — anyone can create a web site or web service. Browsers can work with millions of entities, rather than tying into one location. It’s not the Google or Microsoft Web, but rather simply the web, an open system that anyone can plug into and create information at the end-points.
• Transparency - An Open Web should have transparency at all levels. This includes being able to view the source of web pages; having human-readable network identifiers, such as URLs; and having clear network entry points, such as HTTP and REST exposes.
• Code Hackable - It should be easy to lash together and script the different portions of this web. MySpace, for example, allows users to embed components from all over the web; Google’s AdSense, another example, allows ads to be integrated onto arbitrary web pages. What would you like to hack together, using the web as a base?
• Open - Whether the protocols used are de-facto or de-jure, they should either be documented with open specifications or open code. Any entity should be able to implement these standards or use this code to hook into the system, without penalty of patents, copyright of standards, etc.
• From Gift Economies to Free Markets - The Open Web should support extreme gift economies, such as open source and Wikis, all the way to traditional free market entities, such as Amazon.com and Google. I call this Freedom of Social Forms; the tent is big enough to support many forms of social and economic organization, including ones we haven’t imagined yet.
• Third-Party Integration - At all layers of the system third-parties should be able to hook into the system, whether creating web browsers, web servers, web services, etc.
• Third-Party Innovation - Parties should be able to innovate and create without asking the powers-that-be for permission.
• Civil Society and Discourse - An open web promotes both many-to-many and one-to-many communication, allowing for millions of conversations by millions of people, across a range of conversation modalities.
• Two-Way Communication - An Open Web should allow anyone to assume three different roles: Readers, Writers, and Code Hackers. Readers create content, Writers create content, and Code Hackers create new network services that empower the first two roles.
• End-User Usability and Integration - One of the original insights of the web was to bind all of this together with an easy to use web browser that was integrated for ease of use, despite the highly decentralized nature of the web. The Open Web should continue to empower the mainstream rather than the tech elite with easy to use next generation browsers that appear highly usable and integrated despite having an open infrastructure. Open should not mean hard to use. Why can’t we have the design brilliance of Steve Jobs coupled with the geek openness of Steve Wozniak? Making them an either/or is a false dichotomy.

Notice something very important; at no time above did I bind the Open Web to a particular set of technologies. Today the above philosophy is instantiated using a particular set of technologies, including URLs, HTTP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, etc. However, if we define the Open Web in terms of these technologies, then we risk losing sight of what makes the web special and being able to have the intellectual nimbleness to evolve the infrastructure of the web. For example, we can and should evolve better layout languages than CSS, better document formats than HTML, etc., especially if we want the web to survive as a long-term social institution and public good, similar to the electricity grid, public-water systems, etc. We will be fighting yesterdays battle while allowing new, proprietary technologies to take over if we focus on technologies rather than philosophy. If we take the long term view, how can we give the web an open enough infrastructure to evolve over time and meet each generations needs, while maintaining its structure enough to actually mean something and stay true to its promise, similar to the U.S. Constitution?

Q: Why does the Open Web matter?

Brad Neuberg: The Open Web is like something from an Arthur C. Clarke science fiction story: its a globe spanning, hypertext network containing billions of documents, conversations, and applications, used by a huge cross section of society. Who would have thought it ever would have been successful or stayed as open as it has? It’s not controlled by any one government or company. Our historical closeness to the web creates a kind of myopia, where we can’t see how amazing it is. It’s a billion Library of Alexandrias dropped into our laps.

Douglas Engelbart, father of much of what we have in the computer industry, including the mouse, hypertext, and groupware, thought that computers would become as fundamental to humanity as the development of writing and language have been. Language is probably only about forty-thousand years old, while writing is only about eight-thousand years old. If you pull back and take the larger view, the web and computers are part of a grand development playing out over decades around new tools for communication. Writing and language have fundamentally changed our sense of self, with positive and negative ramifications; computers and the web hold the same promise, though it will take decades for this to play out.

If the web and computers hold this promise, its important to keep the resulting system as open and accessible as possible. Do we want a system that devolves into something like Ancient Egypt, with an authoritarian force controlling and centralizing the water supply? This lead to the longest known authoritarian civilization in history, lasting for thousands of un-broken years. For example, what if the pencil and paper had never escaped the grasp of the Church? If we can keep the open web nimble and open, it can set the stage to fuel further innovations and inventions, just as writing and language gave rise to books, social polities, etc.

Q: Tell us more about the Open Web and your ‘Google Gears: Teaching the Open Web New Tricks’ talk at Open Web Vancouver 2008.

Brad Neuberg: Okay, if we agree that the Open Web is important, how do we create a way to update the web and keep it relevant? The U.S. Constitution, for example, includes special provisions to evolve itself and stay relevant. Even with its warts, the U.S. is now the world’s oldest and continuous republic.

The web’s existing update mechanisms just don’t work. It takes years for new features to go from proposal to show up across enough browsers to be used consistently; this is a recipe for fail if we want the web to exist as a long-term entity, rather than a one-hit wonder.

I joined Google to help with a project known as Gears. Gears is an open source plug-in that teaches current web browsers new tricks. Gears is a clever way to raise the bar cross-browser and cross-platform, today, running inside of Firefox and Internet Explorer on Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. No more waiting years for features to show up across all browsers and platforms.

I want to look back five years from now and say that I worked with the community to build an open source update mechanism for the web. Why can’t we rev the base infrastructure of the web much quicker, plus create more robust, open extension points along the entire web stack, ala Greasemonkey? Is Gears the answer to this? I’m not sure, but its the best answer we have today. Gears is a great way to get the conversation started, plus get HTML 5 out to today’s browsers.

On a more prosaic level, Gears gets the following features into today’s browsers without waiting years, ready to use by web devs right now:

• A real embedded relational database (SQLite) for web sites
• Client-side full text search
• Thread-like execution for JavaScript
• Offline web applications
• Secure and fast cross-domain mashups
• Desktop shortcuts
• Better web APIs for mobile devices
• and more.

Intrigued? Come and learn more at the talk on Gears at Open Web Vancouver 2008.

Thanks Brad Neuberg for your time. Join us for Vancouver’s 1st Open Web Conference at Canada Place or/and tell us “What’s the Open Web and Why It Matters” and win a free two-day Open Web Vancouver 2008 conference pass.

About Brad Neuberg:

Brad Neuberg is an open source geek and developer advocate for Google. He currently work with the Gears team; created Dojo Offline and Dojo Storage, libraries that enable applications to go offline easily and store large amounts of data on the client-side; created the Really Simple History library, a well-known framework that makes it easy to bookmark and work with the browser history for Ajax applications; worked with Douglas Engelbart on the HyperScope project, grafting new hypertext abilities onto the contemporary web; and invented coworking, an international grassroots movement to found a new kind of workspace for independents. He also created the Paper Airplane project, an initiative to develop new kinds of web browsers that deeply support community and next-generation browsing. Brad also generally have a messy house, unwashed dishes in the sink, and cat hair all over his clothes from his cat, George and lives in San Francisco.

Questions? Comments? Send them along to the Vancouver Ajax & Web 2.0 (3.0) Developer Forum/Mailing List. Thanks!